Some Gen Xers can start dipping into retirement savings without penalty, but should you?
Retirement no longer feels far off for Generation X – those born between 1965 and 1980. A fortunate few may have already exited the workforce and many more will follow in the next two decades.
Soon, they'll be checking off retirement milestones like applying for Social Security and Medicare. But there's another milestone that's equally important, and the oldest members of Gen X will begin reaching it on July 1, 2024.
Most retirement accounts charge what's known as an early withdrawal penalty to discourage savers from taking their money out too soon. This penalty is 10% of the amount withdrawn, and it applies to all savers who are under 59 1/2 and do not have a qualifying exception, like making a first home purchase or paying a large medical bill.
Early withdrawal penalties can take a serious bite out of your savings, especially if you make several of them. But they'll soon be a thing of the past for the eldest members of Gen X who will reach 59 1/2 years of age in the latter half of 2024.
It's great news, but it's important to realize that no-penalty withdrawals doesn't mean free withdrawals. If you're taking money out of a tax-deferred account, like a traditional IRA or 401(k), you will still owe taxes on your money. It's possible that taking large sums out could even push you into a higher tax bracket than you were anticipating.
You also have to consider how your withdrawals will affect your long-term financial security. You may be eligible to take money out of your retirement accounts, but doing this just because you can could drain your savings prematurely. It's best to leave your funds in your retirement account until you reach your chosen retirement age.
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What to do if you need your money sooner
It'll still be several years before all members of Gen X have the opportunity to take penalty-free retirement account withdrawals. But there are still some ways to access your cash early if you need to.
First, if you have funds in a Roth IRA, you can withdraw your contributions tax- and penalty-free at any age. This is not true of earnings. You cannot withdraw earnings penalty-free until you've turned 59 1/2 and have had the account for at least five years.
Those with 401(k)s may be able to access some of their retirement savings early by taking advantage of the Rule of 55. This says that if you part with your employer in the year you will turn 55 (age 50 for certain public safety workers) or later, you can access your 401(k) funds from that employer only penalty-free.
Substantially equal periodic payments (SEPPs) are also an option. This is where you agree to take equal payments from your retirement account until you reach 59 1/2 or for five years, whichever is longer. There are several ways to calculate your SEPPs, but once you commit, you're locked in. Failing to take required SEPPs results in the government retroactively charging you all the early withdrawal penalties the SEPPs were supposed to help you avoid, plus interest.
Perhaps the best option for those who can swing it is to fund your expenses another way until you're at least 59 1/2. It could be from a job or through selling investments you've held in a taxable brokerage account. Just make sure you understand the tax consequences of your decision before you go ahead with it.
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